Nissan Maxima QX
- Cars of the Nissan Maxima brand
Identifikatsonny numbers of the car
Acquisition of spare parts
Technology of service, tool and equipment of a workplace
Start of the engine from the auxiliary power supply
Poddomkrachivaniye and towage
Automobile chemicals
Diagnostics of malfunctions of knots and systems of the car
+ Maintenance instruction
+ Settings and routine maintenance
+ Engine
+ Cooling systems, heating
+ Power supply system and release
+ Engine electric equipment
+ Control systems of the engine
+ Transmission
+ Coupling and power shafts
+ Brake system
+ Suspension bracket and steering
+ Body
+ Onboard electric equipment
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Diagnostics of malfunctions of knots and systems of the car
The owners of cars performing procedures of routine maintenance of the vehicle it agrees provided in the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance of the present manual of the schedule will be extremely seldom forced to address materials of this Section. Reliability of the knots and components installed on modern cars is so high that at timely performance of replacement of the materials of details which are worn out and failed as a result of aging the probability of their sudden refusal is extremely small. Refusals seldom happen spontaneously and usually are a consequence sometimes of long development of defect. In particular, failure of mechanical components practically is always preceded by emergence and development of the characteristic symptoms which are shown sometimes for many thousands of kilometers of a run to the full. The same components which can fail unexpectedly usually are not vital for functioning of the main knots and systems of the car, or are easily replaced in road conditions.
Fundamental step at identification of the reasons of any refusal is the choice of a point of the beginning of searches. Often the reason is lying on a surface, however in certain cases it is necessary to work, making small investigation. The motorist who produced half-dozens of casual checks of replacements and corrections quite has chance to find a cause of failure (or its symptom), however it is impossible to call such approach reasonable, in view of its labor input and aimlessness of expenses of time and means in any way. There is a quiet logical approach to search of the failed knot or component much more effectively. Surely it is necessary to take into account everything preceding breakage, sometimes insignificant, symptoms and the guarding signals, such as loss of the power developed by the engine, change of indications of measuring instruments, emergence of unusual sounds and smells, etc. Do not forget that failure of such components as safety locks or spark plugs can be only a symptom more deeply of the hidden violation.
In this subsection rather simple scheme of diagnostics of the most often found refusals is given below. The reasons of violations and their symptoms are grouped in a sign of the relation to functioning of any concrete unit or system: "Engine", "Cooling system", etc. In brackets references to the corresponding Chapters and Sections of the Management concerning functioning of the components suspected of malfunction are given.
Regardless of the refusal nature investigations of its reason are always taken the identical basic principles as a principle:
Make sure of correctness of definition of symptoms of refusal. Told means confidence in delimitation of the area of searches that it is especially important with the help in refusal diagnostics to other motorist who cannot adequately state symptoms of the violation taking place.
Try not to miss obvious violations. For example, if the engine is not started, do not hesitate to check availability of fuel in a gasoline tank (at the same time it is not necessary to take on trust statements of the owner of the faulty car). In case of refusal electric equipments first of all it is necessary to check a state and reliability of fastening of terminal connections of an electrical wiring, only after it it makes sense to get diagnostic units.
Try to remove a cause of failure, but not its symptom. Replacement of the discharged battery new will help to make start of the engine, however the reason of a discharge of the old battery taking place will remain not eliminated that will lead to bystry failure and new. Also replacement of the spark plugs thrown by oil will allow to restore serviceability of functioning of the engine for some time, however the refusal by all means will soon repeat (if the reason lay not just in application of candles not of that type).
Do not take on trust any statements. Remember that the "new" component can also be faulty, in particular if it long time lay in a luggage carrier - it is not necessary to exclude a component from the list checked only for the reason that it is new or is recently established. In case of neglect it is not necessary to be surprised with implementation of this recommendation when the cause of failure established, at last, is lying on a surface from the very beginning.
Diagnostics of the general engine failures
The engine is not turned in attempt of its start
1. Polar plugs of the battery are oxidized, or fastening of tips of wires on them weakened (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. The battery is discharged or faulty (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
3. AT is not transferred to situation "P" (see the Head the Transmission), or coupling is squeezed not up to the end out (models with RKPP) (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
4. It is torn off, or the electrical wiring of a chain of system of start is otherwise damaged, or fastening of plugs of contact connections weakened (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine or Onboard electric equipment).
5. The driving gear wheel of a starter is jammed in a gear wreath of a flywheel (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
6. The traction relay of a starter failed (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
7. The starter electric motor is faulty (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
8. The ignition switch is faulty (see the Head Onboard electric equipment).
9. Teeth of a driving gear wheel of a starter or a gear wreath of a flywheel are broken off or worn-out (see Chapters the Engine and Electric equipment of the engine).
10. The protective fusible insert of a chain of the rechargeable battery failed (on 140 A) (see the Head Onboard electric equipment).
The engine is turned, but not started
1. The fuel tank is empty.
2. The battery is discharged (the engine is turned too slowly) (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
3. Polar plugs of the battery are oxidized, or fastening of tips of wires on them weakened (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
4. Leak of fuel through an injection injector(s) takes place, the fuel pump, or the fuel pressure regulator is faulty (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
5. Other malfunctions of a fuel supply system take place (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
6. It is torn off, or the GRM drive chain came off asterisks (see the Head Dvigatel).
7. Components of system of ignition are humidified or damaged (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
8. Spark plugs are worn-out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode gaps is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
9. The electrical wiring of a chain of system of start is torn off or is otherwise damaged, or fastening of plugs of contact connections weakened (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
10. Weakening of fastening of the distributor was resulted by violation of installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
11. The electrical wiring of a chain of system of ignition is torn off or is otherwise damaged, fastening of plugs of contact connections weakened, or the ignition coil is faulty (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
12. Serviceability of functioning of the sensor of measurement of mass of an air stream (MAF) is broken (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
Start of the cold engine is complicated
1. The battery is discharged (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Polar plugs of the battery are oxidized, or fastening of tips of wires on them weakened (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
3. The fuel supply system is faulty (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
4. Leak of fuel through an injection injector(s) takes place (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
5. Serviceability of functioning of the sensor of temperature of cooling liquid, or the sensor of temperature of the soaked-up air (IAT) is broken (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
6. The system of ignition is faulty (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
7. Spark plugs are worn-out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode gaps is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
8. The MAF sensor is faulty (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
9. Compression pressure fell (see the Head Dvigatel).
Start of the hot engine is complicated
1. The filtering air cleaner element is polluted, or its passability is otherwise broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. The system of injection of fuel is faulty (fuel does not come to injection injectors) (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
3. Terminal connections of the battery are oxidized (especially weight) (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
Compression pressure fell (see the Head Dvigatel).
5. Serviceability of functioning of the sensor of temperature of cooling liquid, or the sensor of temperature of the soaked-up air (IAT) is broken (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
6. The system of catching of fuel evaporations (EVAP) is faulty (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
Input of a starter in gearing is complicated, or is followed by extraneous noises
1. Teeth of a driving gear wheel of a starter or a gear wreath of a flywheel are broken off or worn-out (see Chapters the Engine and Electric equipment of the engine).
2. Bolts of fastening of a starter weakened or dropped out (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
3. Internal components of a starter are worn-out or damaged (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
The engine is started, but at once becomes deaf
1. The electrical wiring of a chain of system of ignition is torn off or is otherwise damaged, or fastening of plugs of contact connections on the coil of ignition or the generator weakened (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
2. Fuel starvation of an injector(s) of injection takes place (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
3. Losses of depression through sealing laying between the inlet pipeline / the delivery camera of an inlet air path and the case of a throttle take place (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
4. Installation of turns of idling is broken (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
5. Leak of the soaked-up air take place, or vacuum lines are damaged (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
During the parking under the engine are formed begin to flow oils
1. Leaks through laying of the pallet of a case, or a drain stopper take place (see the Head Dvigatel).
2. Leaks through landing consolidation of the sensor switch of pressure of oil take place (see the Head Dvigatel).
3. Leaks through laying of heads of cylinders take place (see the Head Dvigatel).
4. Leaks through epiploons of shaft of the engine take place (see the Head Dvigatel).
5. Leaks in the oil pump take place (see the Head Dvigatel).
Stability of turns of idling is broken
1. Depression losses take place (see Chapters the Engine and Power supply systems and release).
2. The valve of system of recirculation of the fulfilled gases (EGR) is faulty (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
3. The filtering air cleaner element is blocked (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
4. The gasoline pump does not provide the required fuel consumption (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
5. Tightness of laying of a head of cylinders is broken (see the Head Dvigatel).
6. The GRM drive chain, or its asterisks is worn-out (see the Head Dvigatel).
7. Working ledges of cams of the camshaft(s) are worn-out (see the Head Dvigatel).
8. Spark plugs are worn-out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode gaps is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
9. Fell, or compression pressure is distributed between cylinders unevenly (see the Head Dvigatel).
10. Passability of an injector(s) of injection is broken (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
Admissions of ignition on single turns take place
1. Spark plugs are worn-out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode gaps is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. VV of a wire of spark plugs (models 1993 and 1994 of of the issue) are faulty (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
3. Depression losses take place (see Chapters the Engine and Power supply systems and release).
4. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
5. Fell, or compression pressure is distributed between cylinders unevenly (see the Head Dvigatel).
6. The system of injection of fuel is faulty (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
7. Individual coils of ignition are faulty (models since 1995 of the issue).
8. Hoses of system of ventilation of a case are damaged, worn-out or were disconnected (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
Admissions of ignition take place at the movement on transfer
1. Passability of the fuel filter / a connecting path of a power supply system is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Fuel pressure fell (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
3. Spark plugs are worn-out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode gaps is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
4. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
5. The ignition distributor cover is burst, reliability of fastening of the VV contact connections of wires is broken, or internal defects of the distributor (models 1993 and 1994 of of the issue) take place (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Electric equipment of the engine).
6. "Breakdown" in VV candle wires takes place (models since 1995 of the issue) (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Electric equipment of the engine).
7. Components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases are faulty (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
8. Fell, or compression pressure is distributed between cylinders unevenly (see the Head Dvigatel).
9. The system of ignition is faulty, or contact connections of its electrical wiring weakened (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
10. Losses of depression in a fuel supply system, the throttle case, the inlet pipeline, the IAC/IAT valve, or connecting lines take place (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
11. The fuel pump is faulty, or the pressure developed by it fell (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
12. Ventilation of the fuel tank is broken (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
Stability of turns of the engine is broken during acceleration
1. Spark plugs are worn-out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode gaps is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. The system of injection of fuel is faulty (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
3. Fastening of the socket(s) of an electrical wiring of an injector(s) of injection weakened (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
4. Passability of the fuel filter is broken (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
5. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
6. Leak of air in the inlet highway takes place (see Chapters the Engine and Power supply systems and release).
7. Serviceability of functioning of the EGR system is broken (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
The engine works with breakthroughs at the accelerator pedal withheld not movably
1. Leak of air in the inlet highway takes place (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
2. The gasoline pump, or the fuel pressure regulator is faulty (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
3. Fastening of the socket(s) of an electrical wiring of an injector(s) of injection weakened (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
4. Violations of functioning of a control system of the engine take place (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
The engine spontaneously becomes deaf
1. Installation of turns of idling is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Passability of the fuel filter is broken, or moisture got to a power supply system (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
3. Components of system of ignition (distributor) are humidified or damaged (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
4. Components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases are faulty (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
5. Spark plugs are worn-out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode gaps is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
6. VV of a wire of spark plugs (models 1993 and 1994 of of the issue) are faulty (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
7. Losses of depression on the throttle case, the inlet pipeline or through connecting hoses take place (see Chapters the Engine and Power supply systems and release).
8. Adjustment of valvate gaps is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
9. The fuel pump is faulty, or the pressure developed by it fell (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
10. Ventilation of the fuel tank is broken, or fuel pipes are blocked (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
The power developed by the engine fell
1. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
2. The excessive side play of a shaft of the distributor of ignition (models 1993 and 1994 of of the issue) takes place (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
3. The distributor runner, its cover, VV candle wires or the coil of ignition is worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Electric equipment of the engine).
4. Spark plugs are worn-out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode gaps is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
5. The system of injection of fuel is faulty (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
6. The filtering air cleaner element is blocked (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
7. Brakes are jammed (see the Head the Brake system).
8. The ATF level fell in AT (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
9. Coupling revolves (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
10. Passability of the fuel filter is broken, or moisture got to a power supply system (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
11. Serviceability of functioning of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases is broken (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
12. Fell, or compression pressure is distributed between cylinders unevenly (see the Head Dvigatel).
13. The system of production of the fulfilled gases is blocked (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
14. The fuel pump is faulty, or the pressure developed by it fell (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
There are "shots" in a final path
1. Serviceability of functioning of system of decrease in toxicity is broken (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
2. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
3. Malfunction in a secondary (VV) contour of system of ignition takes place (candle insulators, VV of a wire other) (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Electric equipment of the engine).
4. The system of injection of fuel is faulty (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
5. Losses of depression on the throttle case, the operating valve, the inlet pipeline or through connecting hoses take place (see Chapters the Engine and Power supply systems and release).
6. Adjustment of valvate gaps is broken, or there was "sticking" of valves (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
During acceleration or at increase in load of the engine there are knocks caused by too early ignition or a detonation
1. Fuel not of that grade is filled.
2. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
3. The system of injection of fuel is faulty (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
4. Spark plugs, or wire VV are damaged (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Electric equipment of the engine).
5. Distributor components (models 1993 and 1994 of of the issue) are worn-out or damaged (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
6. Serviceability of functioning of the EGR valve is broken (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
7. Depression losses take place (see Chapters the Engine and Power supply systems and release).
8. The excessive nagaroobrazovaniye in the engine takes place (see the Head Dvigatel).
The control lamp of pressure of oil continues to burn at the working engine
1. Oil level fell, or oil not of that grade is filled (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Excessively low turns of idling are exposed (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
3. There was a short circuit in an electrical wiring braid (see the Head Onboard electric equipment).
4. The oil pressure sensor switch is faulty (see the Head Dvigatel).
5. Bearings of the engine and/or the oil pump are worn-out (see the Head Dvigatel).
6. Passability of the mesh filter of a maslozabornik is broken (see the Head Dvigatel).
The engine continues to work after switching off of ignition (diesel effect)
1. Excessively high turns of idling are exposed (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
2. Working temperature of the engine is excessively high (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
3. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
4. The excessive nagaroobrazovaniye in the engine takes place (see the Head Dvigatel).
Diagnostics of malfunctions of systems of electric equipment of the engine
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The problems connected with refusal in system of start are considered above in the subsection "Diagnostics of the General Engine Failures". |
The battery does not "hold" a charge
1. The driving belt of the generator is worn-out, or adjustment of effort of its tension is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Electrolyte level fell in banks (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
3. Polar plugs are oxidized, or fastening of tips of wires on them weakened (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
4. The generator does not give the required charge current (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
5. The electrical wiring of a chain of system of a charge is torn off or is otherwise damaged, or fastening of plugs of contact connections weakened (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
6. There is a battery discharge owing to short circuit in an onboard electrical wiring (see Chapters Electric equipment of the engine and Onboard electric equipment).
7. Internal defect of the battery takes place (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
The control lamp of an ignition/charge continues to burn at the working engine
1. Internal defect of the generator or regulator of tension takes place (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
2. The driving belt of the generator is worn-out or torn off, or adjustment of effort of its tension is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
3. Generator brushes are worn-out, jammed or polluted (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
4. Brush springs of the generator weakened or are broken (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
5. The charge contour electrical wiring is torn off, or fastening of terminal connections weakened (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
The control lamp of an ignition/charge does not light up at turn of a key in position of ON
1. Incandescence thread fused (see the Head Onboard electric equipment).
2. The printed circuit board of a combination of devices, or a lamp holder is faulty (see the Head Onboard electric equipment).
3. The generator is faulty (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
Diagnostics of malfunctions of power supply systems and production of the fulfilled gas
Fuel consumption is excessive
1. The filtering element of the air cleaner is polluted or its passability is otherwise broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
3. Serviceability of functioning of systems of decrease in toxicity is broken (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
4. The system of injection of fuel is faulty (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
5. Pressure of a rating of tires is not enough, or wheels not of that standard size are established (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
6. Brakes "are taken" (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
Fuel leak takes place, or distinctly smells of gasoline
1. The fuel tank, fuel pipes or their nipple connections are damaged mechanically or as a result of corrosion development (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
2. The fuel tank is overflowed.
3. The filter of a coal adsorber is blocked (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
4. Internal components of injectors of injection are damaged or excessively worn-out (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
5. Serviceability of functioning of system of injection of fuel is broken (see the Head of the Power supply system and release).
Smokes or is excessively noisy the system of production of the fulfilled gases works
1. Leak of the fulfilled gases through joints of a final collector / sections of system of release take place (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
2. Mufflers or pipes of a final path are damaged mechanically or as a result of corrosion development (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
3. As a result of damage of suspended support the system of release contacts at the movement to components of a body or a suspension bracket (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Power supply systems and release).
Diagnostics of malfunctions of the cooling system
The engine overheat takes place
1. Level of cooling liquid fell (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. The belt of the drive of the water pump is worn-out, or the effort of its tension weakened (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
3. The water pump is faulty (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
4. Passability of a radiator is broken or its lattice is blocked (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
5. The thermostat is faulty (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
6. The path of the cooling system is blocked by an air stopper (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
7. Tightness of landing of a cover of a radiator is broken (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
8. Violation in a cooling system fan chain takes place (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
9. Mechanical damage of a krylchatka of the fan of the cooling system takes place (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
10. Indications of the sensor of temperature are inexact (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
11. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine).
The engine does not reach working temperature
1. The thermostat is faulty (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
2. Indications of the sensor of temperature are inexact (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
3. Violation in a cooling system fan chain takes place (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
External leak of cooling liquid takes place
1. Hoses or hose collars of a cooling path are damaged mechanically or destroyed as a result of material aging (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Cooling systems, heating).
2. The water pump is faulty (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
3. Leak of cooling liquid from a radiator or a broad tank takes place (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
4. Drain or release traffic jams of a water shirt of the block of the engine are damaged (see the Head Dvigatel).
5. The radiator cover is faulty (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
6. Boiling up of cooling liquid resulted from an overheat (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
Internal leak of cooling liquid takes place
1. Laying of a head of cylinders is punched (see the Head Dvigatel).
2. The head or the block of cylinders is burst (see the Head Dvigatel).
Losses of cooling liquid take place
1. In system the excessive amount of cooling liquid is filled in (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Cooling liquid boils away as a result of an overheat (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
3. External or internal leak of cooling liquid takes place (see above).
4. The radiator cover is faulty (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
Circulation of cooling liquid is broken
1. The water pump is faulty (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
2. Passability of a cooling path is broken (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and Cooling systems, heating).
3. The thermostat is jammed (see the Head of the Cooling system, heating).
4. The driving belt of the water pump is damaged, or the effort of its tension weakened (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
Diagnostics of malfunctions of coupling
The pedal of coupling fails to a floor practically without resistance or with very insignificant resistance
1. The main or executive cylinder of the hydraulic drive of coupling is faulty (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
2. Lines of a hydraulic path are damaged, or tightness of their nipple connections is broken (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
3. Level of hydraulic liquid fell in the tank (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
4. If the level of hydraulic liquid in the tank increases when squeezing a pedal, therefore, the sealing cuff of the central valve of the main cylinder failed (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
5. If traces of hydraulic liquid are present at a boot of the main cylinder, so leaks through primary cuff of the piston take place (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
6. The release bearing, or a coupling switching off fork is broken (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
7. The diaphragm spring of a press clutch plate is broken (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
Traces of hydraulic liquid are present at a boot of the main cylinder or a pedal of coupling
Tightness of a back epiploon of the main cylinder is broken (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
Traces of hydraulic liquid are present at the executive cylinder
Tightness of a sealing cuff of a plunger of the executive cylinder is broken (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
The feeling of softness of the course of a pedal of coupling takes place
Air got to the hydraulic highway (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
There is no coupling switching off (it is impossible to choose transfer)
1. RKPP is faulty (see the Head the Transmission).
2. The conducted disk, or coupling basket components is faulty (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
3. Assembly of the lever of switching off with the release bearing is incorrectly made (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
4. The clutch plate is faulty press (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
5. Bolts of fastening of assembly of a basket of coupling to a flywheel weakened (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
6. Serviceability of functioning of the lever of switching, or the mechanism of the choice of transfers is broken (see the Head the Transmission).
Coupling revolves (turns of the engine raise without increase in speed of the movement of the car)
1. The conducted clutch plate is worn-out (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
2. Frictional overlays of the conducted disk are polluted by the oil filtering through a back epiploon of a bent shaft (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
3. The new conducted disk (for final extra earnings of a new disk it is necessary to make not less than 30 ÷ of 40 starts) was not earned extra.
4. Deformation of assembly of a basket of a coupling/flywheel takes place (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
5. The diaphragm spring weakened (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
6. The conducted clutch plate is overheated (park the car and let's a disk cool down).
7. There was "sticking" of the piston in the executive cylinder of coupling (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
At inclusion of coupling there is a vibration
1. Are polluted by oil, burned through, or zapolirovana to gloss frictional overlays of the flywheel conducted the disk/worker a surface (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
2. Support of a suspension bracket of the power unit are worn-out, or their fastening weakened (see Chapters the Engine and the Transmission).
3. Vents of a main shaft of the transmission or a nave of the conducted disk are worn-out (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
4. Deformation of assembly of a basket of a coupling/flywheel takes place (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
During the squeezing or an otpuskaniye of a pedal of coupling there are extraneous noises
1. The lever of switching off of coupling or the release bearing of coupling is worn-out (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
2. The rod of forks of switching is incorrectly established (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
3. Axial plugs of a pedal of coupling are worn-out or overdried (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
4. Assembly of a basket of coupling is faulty (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
5. The diaphragm spring of a press disk is broken (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
6. The torsion springs of the conducted disk are broken (see the Head of the Control system of the engine).
7. Turns of idling of the engine are excessively low (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
The coupling pedal after an otpuskaniye does not come back to a starting position
1. The main or executive cylinder of coupling / is faulty the piston is got jammed (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
2. The fork of switching off of coupling or the release bearing is broken (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
3. Air got to the hydraulic highway (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
Squeezing of a pedal of coupling requires excessive effort
1. The piston in the main or executive cylinder is jammed (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
2. Assembly of a basket of coupling is faulty (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
3. The main or executive cylinder of the wrong standard size is installed (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
Diagnostics of malfunctions of a manual box of gear shifting
The knocks arising at small turns of the engine take place
The power shaft(s) CV JOINT(S) is worn-out (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
The easy gnash arising during commission of turns takes place
The natural sounds connected with functioning of differential (see the Head the Transmission).*
The deaf metal knock arising during acceleration or braking by the engine takes place
1. Fastening of support of a suspension bracket of the power unit weakened (see Chapters the Engine and the Transmission).
2. The axis of satellites of differential is worn-out. *
3. The internal CV JOINT of a power shaft(s) is worn-out or damaged (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
The metal gnash arising during commission of turns takes place
The external CV JOINT of a power shaft internal (on turn radius) wheels is worn-out or damaged (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
Vibrations take place
1. Wheel bearings are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
2. The power shaft is damaged (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
3. Tires / are deformed balancing of wheels is broken (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
4. CV JOINTS are worn-out (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
5. Level of gearbox oil fell (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
The box installed on neutral transfer publishes noise during the operation of the engine
1. Bearings of a main shaft are worn-out (noise appear at an otpuskaniye of a pedal of coupling and disappear at its squeezing) (see the Head the Transmission).*
2. The release bearing of coupling is worn-out (noise appear at the squeezed-out pedal of coupling and can decrease at its otpuskaniye) (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
Noise arise on any concrete transfer
1. Teeth of gear wheels of the transmission are worn-out, chopped off or are otherwise damaged (see the Head the Transmission).*
2. Synchronizers are worn-out or damaged (see the Head the Transmission).*
3. The fork of turning on of the reverse gear is bent (see the Head the Transmission).*
4. The gear wheel of the fourth transfer or an output gear wheel is damaged (see the Head the Transmission).*
5. The intermediate gear wheel of the reverse gear or the intermediate plug is worn-out or damaged (see the Head the Transmission).*
Noise take place on all transfers
1. Level of gearbox oil fell (see the Head the Transmission).
2. Bearings are worn-out or damaged (see the Head the Transmission).*
3. Main and/or secondary shaft of the transmission is worn-out or damaged (see the Head the Transmission).*
The box "comes off" the chosen transfer
1. Draft is worn-out, or its adjustments are broken (see the Head the Transmission).
2. Bolts of fastening of RKPP to the engine weakened (see the Head the Transmission).
3. Serviceability of functioning of drafts of switching is broken (see the Head the Transmission).
4. The holder of the bearing of primary gear wheel is broken, or its fastening weakened (see the Head the Transmission).*
5. Between a cover of coupling and the block of the engine dirt got (see the Head the Transmission).
6. Blocks of synchronizers are worn-out (see the Head the Transmission).*
7. Switching forks are worn-out (see the Head the Transmission).*
Gear shifting is complicated
1. Coupling is faulty (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
2. Gear shifting drive mechanism components are worn-out or damaged (see the Head the Transmission).
3. Blocks of synchronizers are worn-out (see the Head the Transmission).*
Leak of gearbox oil takes place
1. The output epiploon(s) of differential is damaged (see the Head the Transmission).
2. In a box the excessive amount of gearbox oil is filled in (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance and the Head the Transmission).
3. The holder of the bearing of primary gear wheel is broken, or its fastening weakened (see the Head the Transmission).*
4. The sealing ring of the holder of the bearing of primary gear wheel and/or a sponge of an epiploon is damaged (See the Head the Transmission).*
5. Tightness of landing of a sealing ring of the sensor of the speed (VSS) is broken (see the Head the Transmission).
There is a blocking of a box on any of transfers
Wear, or weakening of landing of driving draft takes place (see the Head the Transmission).*
* Though elimination of similar malfunctions lies outside qualification of the average amateur mechanic, this information is useful at communication with professionals.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of AT
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In view of complexity of a design of AT it will be difficult to average amateur mechanic to carry out enough precisely diagnostics of its refusals and recovery repair. In case of problems, excellent from listed below, the owner of the car should ask for the help specialists of car service. It is also not necessary to hurry with demontazhy faulty transmission as its many checks are made by in situ (on the regular place).
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Leakages of ATF
1. ATF usually differs in dark red color. It is not necessary to confuse traces of its leaks to those from motive oil, - the last can communicate on a transmission case the running air stream.
2. For identification of a source of leak, first of all, it is necessary to clear a case of transmission and surfaces surrounding it of dirt and lubricant. Use qualitative degreaser or execute steam cleaning of the unit. Make on the car a short trip with a low speed of the movement (that traces of the leak taking place did not communicate far from its source). The car also establish to Poddomkratta it on props. Examine a transmission case, visually revealing leakage sources of ATF. Most often act as those:
- The transmission case pallet (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Transmission);
- The directing tube of the measuring probe (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Transmission);
- Lines of an oil path of transmission (see the Head the Transmission);
- The speed sensor (see the Head the Transmission).
- Epiploons of power shafts (see the Head the Transmission).
ATF has brown color or smells of ashes
The ATF level fell in transmission, or liquid burned and needs replacement (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
Problems with gear shifting take place
1. In the Head the Transmission procedures of check and adjustment of the drive of the selector of transfers of AT are described. The most common problems which can be connected with violation of adjustment of the drive are listed below:
- The engine is started in situation, excellent from "Р" or "N";
- The provision of transmission highlighted on the display panel differs from actually chosen;
- The car is set in motion at the transmission established in situation "P";
2. The description of the procedure of adjustment of the driving mechanism of the selector is provided also in the Head the Transmission.
There is no automatic switching of transmission to a low gear at full squeezing of the accelerator pedal
AT has the electronic control and any problems connected with violation of functioning of components of management have to decide by forces of specialists of car service.
The engine is started in the provision of transmission, excellent from "Р" or "N"
The sensor switch of permission of start is faulty, or its adjustment is broken (see the Head the Transmission).
Transmission "comes off" the chosen situation, switches hardly or with noise, or does not provide progress of the car forward or back
There is a set of the possible reasons listed refusals however only one of them - violation of the ATF level gets to the sphere of competence of the average amateur mechanic. Check, in case of need make adjustment level/replacement of liquid and the filter, in parallel check a condition of ATF (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance). In all other cases the car should be driven away for diagnostics and recovery repair / replacement of transmission on car repair shop.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of power shafts
The gnash and knock arising during commission of turns (take place at a small speed of the movement and the steering wheel which is turned out against the stop)
1. The external CV JOINT of a power shaft of the turn radius located from the inside is worn-out or damaged (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
2. There was a CV JOINT lubricant loss, most likely owing to damage of a protective cover (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
During acceleration/braking vibrations arise the engine
1. Convergence of forward wheels is excessively big (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
2. Adjusting height of springs of a suspension bracket is broken (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
3. Internal or external CV JOINTS are worn-out (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
4. The internal CV JOINT is jammed (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
5. Will bend or is otherwise deformed a power shaft (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
The vibrations arising at the movement with high speeds on the highway take place
1. Balancing of wheels is broken (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
2. Disks of forward wheels are deformed (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
3. CV JOINTS of power shafts are worn-out (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).
Diagnostics of malfunctions of the brake system
When braking course stability of the car is broken
1. Tires are pumped incorrectly up (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Adjustment of angles of installation of forward wheels is broken.
3. On one axis of the car (forward or back) wheels of a different standard size are established.
4. Passability of brake lines is broken (see the Head the Brake system).
5. It is faulty one or several brake mechanisms (see the Head the Brake system).
6. Fixture of components of a suspension bracket weakened (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
7. Bolts of fastening of a support or a board of the brake mechanism weakened (see the Head the Brake system).
8. Brake blocks / boots from one of car boards are worn-out, damaged or greasy (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
9. The support piston / the wheel cylinder of one of brake mechanisms is jammed, or its movement is complicated (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
10. From different boards of the car brake blocks / boots with frictional overlays of various type are established (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
11. Components of the steering drive or a suspension bracket are worn-out or damaged (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
During braking there are extraneous noises (a gnash or high-frequency squeal)
1. Frictional overlays of brake shoes are worn-out - the sound is made by sensors of wear of blocks (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
2. The brake disk / reel - usually after the long parking of the car is damaged by corrosion (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
3. Between a disk and a board of the brake mechanism the foreign subject got (for example, a stone) (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
During braking there are vibrations of a pedal of a foot brake
1. The excessive side beating of a brake disk / ovality of a drum takes place (see the Head the Brake system).
2. Brake shoes are unevenly worn-out (see the Head the Brake system).
3. The brake disk is faulty (see the Head the Brake system).
Pulsations of a pedal of a foot brake at its squeezing take place during sharp braking
A consequence of correct functioning of ABS (see the Head the Brake system).
During braking there is a vibration transferred to a brake pedal or a steering wheel
1. The excessive beating of a brake disk / deformation of the brake drum takes place (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
2. Frictional overlays of brake blocks / boots are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
3. Bolts of fastening of a support / a brake board weakened (see the Head the Brake system).
4. Components of a suspension bracket or the steering drive, or a support are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
The course of a brake pedal is excessively big
1. Local violation in the brake system takes place (see the Head the Brake system).
2. Level of hydraulic liquid fell in the GTTs tank (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
3. Air got to hydraulic system (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
4. GTTs is faulty (see the Head the Brake system).
5. The vacuum amplifier of brakes is faulty (see the Head the Brake system).
Softness of the course of a brake pedal at its squeezing takes place
1. Air got to hydraulic system (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
2. Flexible brake hoses are damaged as a result of material aging (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
3. Bolts of fastening of GTTs weakened (see the Head the Brake system).
4. GTTs is faulty (see the Head the Brake system).
The stop of the car requires applying of excessively big effort to a brake pedal
1. The vacuum amplifier of brakes is faulty (see the Head the Brake system).
2. Local violation in the brake system takes place (see the Head the Brake system).
3. Frictional overlays of brake blocks / boots are excessively worn-out (see the Head the Brake system).
4. The piston (i) of a support / the wheel cylinder is jammed (see the Head the Brake system).
5. Frictional overlays of brake blocks / boots are polluted by oil or lubricant (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
6. Brake disks are damaged or worn-out (see the Head the Brake system).
7. Are recently established and were not in time to be earned extra new brake blocks / boots.
"Takes" brakes, or uniformity of the grabbing effort of brake mechanisms is broken
1. Adjustment of the sensor switch of stoplights is broken (see the Head the Brake system).
2. GTTs is faulty (see the Head the Brake system).
3. Passability of brake lines is broken (see the Head the Brake system).
4. Adjustment of the parking brake is broken (see the Head the Brake system).
5. The piston (i) of a brake support / the wheel cylinder is jammed (see the Head the Brake system).
Braking is made unevenly
1. The valve regulator is faulty (see the Head the Brake system).
2. The vacuum amplifier is faulty (see the Head the Brake system).
3. The pedal of a foot brake is jammed (see the Head the Brake system).
Back wheels are blocked at normal braking
1. Frictional overlays of brake boots are polluted (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
2. Deformation of disks/drums of back brake mechanisms takes place (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Brake system).
The pedal of a foot brake fails to a floor without resistance
1. Liquid level fell in the GTTs tank, or leaks via pistons of supports / wheel cylinders take place (see the Head the Brake system).
2. Brake lines are damaged, or their nipple connections weakened (see the Head the Brake system).
The parking brake does not hold the car properly
Adjustment of the drive of the parking brake is broken (see the Head the Brake system).
Diagnostics of malfunctions of a suspension bracket and steering
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Before starting checks of components of a suspension bracket and the steering drive make sure that the wrong rating of tires, installation of tires of various standard size, violation of balancing of wheels, or "prikhvatyvaniye" of brakes is not a cause of infringement.
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Course stability of the car is broken
1. On one axis wheels of various standard size are established, or their tires are pumped up with various pressure (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
2. Screw springs are broken or "sank" (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
3. Adjustment of angles of installation of forward wheels is broken (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
4. Brake mechanisms of forward wheels "are taken" (see the Head the Brake system).
5. Defect of tires takes place (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
6. Components of a suspension bracket or the steering drive are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
7. The geometry of a suspension bracket or the steering drive is broken as a result of accident (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
The side play of wheels and the increased vibration of the car takes place
1. Balancing of forward wheels is broken (vibration is most considerably transmitted through a steering wheel) (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Balancing of back wheels is broken (vibration is most considerably transmitted through a car body) (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
3. Rims are damaged or deformed (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
4. Tires are damaged (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
5. Components of the steering drive or a suspension bracket, or their spherical hinges and/or rubber-metal plugs are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
6. Bolts of fastening of wheels (a) weakened (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
7. Stupichny assemblies or bearings of forward wheels are worn-out (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
During commission of turns and when braking there is "galloping" and/or rocking of the car
1. Fastening of the stabilizer of cross stability weakened (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
2. Shock-absorbers are faulty (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
3. Screw springs are broken or "sank" (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
4. Components of the steering drive or a suspension bracket, or their spherical hinges and/or rubber-metal plugs are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
5. The car is overloaded.
Roving or the general course instability of the car takes place
1. On one axis wheels of various standard size are established, or their tires are pumped up with various pressure (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
2. Balancing of wheels is broken (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
3. Bolts of fastening of wheels (a) weakened (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
4. The lack of lubricant of CV JOINTS and tips of steering drafts takes place (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
5. Assemblies of racks are worn-out (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
6. Fastening of the stabilizer of cross stability weakened (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
7. Screw springs are broken or "sank" (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
8. Adjustment of angles of installation of forward wheels is broken (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
9. Components of the steering drive or a suspension bracket, or their spherical hinges and/or rubber-metal plugs are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
Excessively hardly the steering wheel turns
1. Level of liquid of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel fell (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Passability of a path of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel is broken (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
3. The steering pump is faulty (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
4. The lack of lubricant of CV JOINTS and tips of steering drafts takes place (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
5. Tires are pumped too poorly up (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
6. The hinge of a tip of steering draft or a spherical support of the lever of a suspension bracket is jammed (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
7. Adjustment of angles of installation of forward wheels is broken (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
8. The steering rack or a column is bent or damaged (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
The side play of a steering wheel is excessive
1. The cardan hinge(s) of an intermediate shaft of a steering column is worn-out (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
2. Hinges of tips of steering drafts are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
3. Rack transfer is worn-out (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
4. Components of the steering drive or a suspension bracket, or their spherical hinges and/or rubber-metal plugs are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
5. Naves or bearings of forward wheels are worn-out (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
Serviceability of return of a steering wheel to rectilinear situation is broken
1. There was a loss of lubricant of spherical support or tips of steering drafts (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
2. Spherical support are jammed (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
3. The steering column is jammed (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
4. Lubricant level fell in a case of the steering mechanism (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
5. Adjustment of angles of installation of forward wheels is broken (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
The extraneous noises proceeding from a forward part of the car take place
1. There was a loss of lubricant of spherical support or tips of steering drafts (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
2. Support of shock-absorbers are damaged (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
3. Plugs of control levers of a suspension bracket, or tips of steering drafts are worn-out (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
4. Fastening of the stabilizer of cross stability weakened (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
5. Nuts of fastening of wheels weakened (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
6. Bolts of fastening of components of a suspension bracket weakened (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
During braking controllability of the car decreases
1. Stupichny bearings of forward wheels are worn-out (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
2. Screw springs of a suspension bracket are broken or "sank" (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
3. Deformation of brake disks / reels takes place (see the Head the Brake system).
The car excessively sank
1. Overload.
2. Shock-absorbers of rack-mount assemblies are worn-out (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
3. Screw springs of a suspension bracket are broken or "sank" (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
The gnash or other extraneous noises published by the steering mechanism takes place
1. Fixture of assembly of rack transfer weakened (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
2. Internal damage of the steering mechanism takes place (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
There is no hydraulic strengthening
1. Level of hydraulic liquid fell (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Passability of hoses of system of strengthening of a wheel is broken (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
3. The steering pump is faulty (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
4. Rack transfer is faulty (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
Excessive wear of tires takes place
The increased wear of an internal or external part of a protector
1. Tires (wear of both edges) are pumped insufficiently up (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Adjustment of angles of installation of forward wheels is broken (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
3. Components of the steering drive or a suspension bracket, or their spherical hinges and/or rubber-metal plugs are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
4. Speed on turns does not decrease.
5. Mechanical violation of geometry of a suspension bracket as a result of accident takes place.
Scaly wear (obtrepyvaniye) of a protector
Convergence installation is broken (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
Wear of the central part of a protector
Tires are pumped up too strongly (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
Wear of the inner and outer edges of a protector
1. Tires are pumped insufficiently strongly up (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Shock-absorbers are worn-out (see the Head Podvesk and steering).
Uneven wear of a protector
1. Balancing of a tire/wheel is broken (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
2. Excessively side beating of a disk or the tire (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
3. Shock-absorbers are worn-out (see Chapters of Control and routine maintenance and the Suspension bracket and steering).
4. The tire is damaged (see the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance).
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